Laptop-keyboard-repair-solutions how to repair laptop keyboard

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It works hard, plays hard, and goes everywhere with you. But with all that use, certain laptop parts can wear out. Even systems that still run perfectly well on the inside may suffer from problems on the outside. The most visible signs of aging and abuse are often found on the keyboard; keys may have stopped working after one or two accidentally spilled beverages, or cosmetic flaws, such as rubbed out letters, may have started to appear. But you don't need to replace your entire laptop, just the keyboard.
To find the right keyboard for your system, start by checking with the laptop manufacturer to see if they sell replacements. If not, spare part dealers, can help. This site has an online tool for locating parts. Simply enter the manufacturer, model line, series, and model number of your notebook. (eBay is another good source for new or used parts.) We found a keyboard for our aging Lenovo ThinkPad Z61t for $60.
Depending on the model and age of your laptop, a replacement can cost as little as $20 or as much as $130. Prices vary, so shop around for the best deal. Research a seller's history carefully, and check the return policy before you complete your purchase.
Once you have the replacement keyboard, swapping it for your old one will be easy. The entire process should take only 15 to 20 minutes.

Before you get started, gather these items:

1. Replacement keyboard for your specific laptop model
2. Phillips-head screwdriver
3. Tray for keeping loose screws

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how to repair mother board-repair solutions of pc mother board

 This instructable will show you how to diagnose and repair bad capacitors on computer circuitry saving you money on new appliances and preventing landfills from filling up.

WARNING RISK OF ELECTRICAL SHOCK CONTINUE AT YOUR OWN RISK
Always unplug electronic devices before opening them!  Even after opening make shore you discharge all the capacitors with a discharge rod.

It is difficult to get a piece of technology to work as good as it used to, once it's broken. Which is why most 'repair' procedures stay with hardware enthusiasts, because the best option for most other consumers is to replace it. With that in mind, we look at the resources that we have and try to get the best out of it.

The motherboard is located inside the cabinet and consists of a microprocessor, chipset and BIOS (Basic Input/Output System). The microprocessor decides the type of Central Processing Unit (CPU). The chipset constitutes two bridges: the north bridge and south bridge. These bridges control the flow of data in the computer. The basic functioning of the computer is controlled by the BIOS, which is a real-time clock and a major component of the motherboard. The slots and ports on it connect the computer peripherals like the sound card or graphics card. These slots provide a connection between the hard disk and the computer peripherals.

Troubleshooting a Bad Motherboard

Hardware diagnostics can be a pure pain in the ass. There is literally too much going on in there to efficiently dissect the faulty stuff and repair it. This is why most repair work is usually done by professionals or hobbyists. It takes a long time to get a full grip on handling hardware issues with precision. That said, there are a few common problems with pretty easy solutions as well. Let's have a look at the MoBo (motherboard) itself for any repair options.

Replacing Capacitors
The constant problem of popping capacitors is well-known by professionals and enthusiasts alike. Capacitors are the first thing to blow in a well-built electronic unit. The problem persists wherever a capacitor is used (commonly called the 'Capacitor Plague'). The only option to this is to replace the capacitor with a new one. Spotting a bad capacitor is easy: it's the one with the bulging top and leaking electrolytic goo. Most capacitors expel the electrolytic fluid inside them. It either dries up on the outer part of the top of the capacitor or leaks on to the circuit board. Worst-case scenario, the capacitor explodes due to too much electrical stress. If you see no damage on them, you can still check them using a capacity gauge or a multimeter.

To replace the capacitors, you will need:

a program-controlled soldering station with both soldering and de-soldering irons,
genuine capacitors of the same capacity as the old ones and
experience in soldering and knowledge of the risk involved.

Because one false move and you'll damage the internal circuitry of the board and lose the board completely. You have to de-solder the pins from under the board, take the dead capacitor out, put the new one in and solder the pins back; all in one shot. You need to be extremely cautious about the polarity of the capacitor. If you put it in the wrong way, the capacitor pops almost as soon as you power it up.

Motherboard Component Diagnosis

POST Check With Beep Codes
To diagnose a problem, you need to know where to look. The first stop would be the BIOS POST (Power-On Self-Test). If your computer (not your speakers, your cabinet) makes beeping sounds when you start it up, it means there is a problem with certain part/s on the MoBo. This is good (relatively speaking) because the beeps will directly tell you what's wrong. Pay close attention to the kind of beeping sound (the duration - short or long and the number of beeps). Search online for the 'computer beep code' and you should have found out which component is faulty. This will only work if the parts are on the verge of going down. If something does go down, your computer probably wouldn't start and you'll have to figure out the problem manually.

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